How does HA provide real-time synchronization of logs?

High Availability (HA) in Fortinet devices is designed to ensure continuous operation and reliability by synchronizing critical data such as logs between primary and secondary units. The correct choice involves understanding the synchronization process.

Real-time synchronization of logs takes place through an automated mechanism. After initial log synchronization occurs when a device joins the HA cluster, it establishes a baseline by transferring existing logs to the standby unit. However, the ongoing process of log synchronization is not merely about an initial transfer; it involves continuous and automated updates to ensure that all logs are current and reflect the latest network activity.

This real-time aspect is critical for activities like incident response or forensic analysis where having the most up-to-date log data is necessary. While the other options imply alternative methods of synchronization, they do not capture the dynamic and immediate nature of how logs are shared across HA units during their active operational states. Hence, the focus on initial synchronization does not account for the continuous updates necessary for real-time accuracy.